Bucconidae
Black-fronted nunbird
Monasa nigrifrons
The Black-fronted Nunbird, Monasa nigrifrons, is a striking bird with dark plumage and a bright red bill. It is typically seen in pairs or small groups and is known for its melodious vocalizations, which can be heard at dawn, dusk, and sometimes even at night.
General behavior
This bird is quite active, moving through trees and occasionally descending to the ground in search of food. It feeds primarily on insects and spiders, catching them along branches or on the forest floor. Black-fronted Nunbirds often live and nest in small family groups. During nesting season, additional adult birds, called helpers, sometimes assist the breeding pair with feeding and caring for the young.
When disturbed, the birds emit a sharp, high-pitched call and may sway their tails in a wide arc as a sign of agitation.
Habitat
The species prefers dry, open secondary forests, often far from water sources. However, it has also been seen near gallery forests in some regions, such as Goiás, Brazil.
Nest observation sites
We observed nests in Poconé, Mato Grosso (6 nests), and Alto Parnaíba, Maranhão (3 nests).
Breeding season
We observed breeding activities in October and November both in Poconé and Alto Parnaíba.
The nest
The nest is a tunnel dug into the forest floor, with the entrance hidden beneath a thick layer of dry leaves and camouflaged branches. Inside, it is lined with decomposing leaves, sometimes from local trees like jatobá and mamoninha.










